SELECTED REFERENCES

International Instruments, Principles and Norms

Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 10 December 1984, 1465 U.N.T.S. 85 (entered into force 26 June 1987) [CAT].

• Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 22 June 2006, G.A. res. 57/199, A/RES/57/199, 10 IHRR 595 (2003).

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 19 December 1966, 999 U.N.T.S 171 (entered into force 23 March 1976) [ICCPR].

• First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 16 December 1966, 999 U.N.T.S. 171 (entered into force 23 March 1976).

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, 20 December 2006, G.A. res. 61/177, A/RES/61/77, 14 IHRR 582 (2007).

United Nations Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearances (Convention against Enforced Disappearances), 18 December 18 1992, G.A. res. 47/133, 47 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 207, U.N. Doc. A/47/49 (1992).

United Nations, Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (30 August 1955).

Jurisprudence

Attorney General of Botswana v Dow [1994] 6 B. Const. L.R. 1.

R v Secretary of State for the Home Department ex p. Brind [1991] 1 AC 696.

Secondary Materials

Association for the Prevention of Torture (APT), the Asia Pacific Forum for National Human Rights Institutions (APR), and OHCHR, APT Torture Prevention Manual

Commonwealth Secretariat, Handbook on Ratification of Human Rights Instruments (London: Human Rights Unit, 2006), online: The Commonwealth.

Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative, “Stamping out rights: The Impact of Anti-Terrorism Laws on Policing” 2007.

Economic and Social Council, “General Comment No. 9: The Domestic Application of the Covenant,” U.N. Doc. E/C.12/1998/24,CESCR (1998).

Eide, A. “Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as Human Rights” in Eide et al., eds., Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: A Textbook (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1995).

Katz, A. “An Act of Transformation: The Incorporation of the Rome Statute of the ICC into National Law in South Africa” (2003) 12 African Security Rev. 4.

Malanczuk, P. Akehurst’s Modern Introduction to International Law, 7th revised ed. (New York: Routledge, 1997).

Nowak, M. “The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights” in Hanky and Suki, eds., An Introduction to the International Protection of Human Rights: A Textbook, 2d rev. ed. (Turku: Abu Academy University, Institute for Human Rights, 2004).

OHCHR, Guidance Note: National Human Rights Institutions and the Work of OHCHR at Headquarters and Field Level, 2007. (National Institutions Unit, OHCHR)

• Guidance Note on National Human Rights Institutions and Transitional Justice (27 September 2008), online: National Human Rights Institutions Forum.
• “Handbook for National Human Rights Institutions on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights” Professional Training Series No. 12 (2005), online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• “Human Rights and Law Enforcement: A Manual on Human Rights Training for the Police” Professional Training Series No. 5 (1997).
• “Human Rights and Law Enforcement: A Trainer’s Guide on Human Rights for the Police” Professional Training Series No. 5/Add.2 (2002), online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• “Human Rights and Prisons: A Compilation of International Human Rights Instruments concerning the Administration of Justice” Professional Training Series No. 11/Add.1 (2005), online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• “Human Rights and Prisons: A Manual on Human Rights Training for Prison Officials” Professional Training Series No. 11 (2005), online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• “Human Rights and Prisons: A Pocket Book of International Human Rights Standards for Prison Officials” Professional Training Series No. 11/Add.3 (2005), online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• “Human Rights and Prisons: A Trainer’s Guide on Human Rights Training for Prison Officials” Professional Training Series No. 11/Add.2 (2005), online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• “Human Rights Standards and Practice for the Police: Expanded Pocket Book on Human Rights for the Police” Professional Training Series No. 5/Add.3 (2004), online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• “International Human Rights Standards for Law Enforcement: A Pocket Book on Human Rights for the Police” Professional Training Series No. 5/Add.1, online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• “The Istanbul Protocol: Manual on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment” Professional Series No. 8/Rev. 1 (2004), online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• “Major Recent Developments” Professional Training Series No. 9/Add.1 (2003-2007), online: OHCHR Training and Education.
• OHCHR, “Publications and Resources: Training and Education - Human Rights Education” (2009).

OHCHR and the International Bar Association, “Manual on Human Rights for Judges, Lawyers and Prosecutors” Professional Training Series No. 9 (2003).

Publications by the Association for the Prevention of Torture (APT).

Report of the Secretary-General on the rule of law and transitional justice in conflict and post-conflict societies, 3 August 2004, S/2004/616, online: UN Security Council: SG’s Reports 2004.

Statement by Mr. G. Magazzeni, Coordinator, National Institutions Unit, OHCHR. “Domestic Protection of Human Rights: Strengthening Independent National Structures” (Dublin, 16-17 September 2008).

UN ESC, U.N. Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, “Siracusa Principles on the Limitation and Derogation of Provisions in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights”, UN Doc: E/CN.4/1984/4 (1984).

UN Human Rights Committee, “General Comment No. 3, Art. 2: Implementation at the National Level”, (Thirteenth session, 1981), Compilation of General Comments and General Recommendations adopted by Human Rights Treaty Bodies, UN Doc. HRI/GEN/1/Rev.1 (1994).

UN Human Rights Committee, “General Comment No. 20: Article 7”, UN Doc. HRI/GEN/1/Rev.6 (2003).

UN Human Rights Committee, “General Comment No. 27: Freedom of Movement”, UN Doc. CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.9 (1999).

UN Human Rights Committee, “General Comment No. 29: States of Emergency (Art. 4)”, UN Doc. CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.11 (2001).

U.N. Human Rights Committee, “General Comment No. 31 on Article 2 of the Covenant: The Nature of the General Legal Obligation Imposed on States Parties to the Covenant,” U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.13 (2004).

U.N. Human Rights Committee, “General Comment No. 31: The Nature of the General Legal Obligation Imposed on States Parties to the Covenant,” U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/74/CRP.4/Rev.6 (2004).